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認識家具 / About Furniture

關於木材的二三事/Something about "Wood"

關於印尼的桃花心木

桃花心木並非印尼的原生木種,而是四百多年前,荷蘭人殖民統治印尼期間將其在歐洲的文化傳統帶入印尼,自中美洲的宏都拉斯將桃花心木種子引入作為行道樹之用。因為桃花心木樹的枝葉繁茂、林冠的範圍大、遮蔭效果好。由於印尼當地土質肥沃,  氣候適宜, 不多久, 桃花心木便在印尼的道路兩旁茂盛成長。

後來桃花心木因其木質堅硬、紋理細緻,逐漸在歐美家具製造上被重用,並成為最高級的家具用料,荷蘭人也藉著大量栽植這種硬木而造就家具工業的蓬勃發展。印尼當地的工匠也採行桃花心木作為雕刻材料,時至今日,印尼人的雕刻技藝更是成就非凡。

今日供應家具製造的桃花心木林木,主要便是來自印尼的人工植林場。且使用印尼人工植林場的林木,可避免因家具工業需要,而使中美洲地區雨林遭砍伐,導致破壞環境生態等的情況發生。

 

The Indonesia Mahogany wood

The Mahogany tree is not a native species of tree in Indonesia. Over 400 years ago, Dutch settlers introduced Mahogany trees as decorative shade trees to Indonesia from Central America' Honduras due to the large and lush canopy it provides. And because Indonesia proved fertile ground for the seedlings and soon, mahogany trees were sprouting along the roadsides.

In later years,  the Mahogany tree was discovered to be an ideal source of hardwood for producing fine furniture.  Then the Dutch recognized the excellent business trend and proceeded to establish a thriving furniture industry. The Indonesians started using the mahogany for wood carving and remains a remarkable art form and craftsmanship to present. 

Today, Mahogany grows on plantations in Indonesia supports the timber and furniture industries and avoids causing harm to or harvesting from the natural and wild Mahogany trees of Central America's rainforests.

"全實木"VS"全木製"

所謂的"全實木"是指整體的家具本身,不論大面積的面板、邊條、隔板、腳柱等,全部都是以實心天然木材製成。

但相對的,有一些家具使用的是薄木片壓合夾板,因夾板本身是木質組成,而稱為"木製"。

亦有一些家具,使用的是密集板貼上木皮、或木紋印刷的塑膠層或紙層,會以所貼的木紋來標示,如"胡桃色"、"橡木色"、"桃花心木色''等,且因密集板的密度較高,所以密集板製造出的產品有時重量比天然實木產品重,但這類的家具絕不可以視為是原木,更非實木,所以以重量來判別家具的品質,是不完全正確的。

"Solid wood" VS. "All wood"

"Solid wood" means that all wood modules of the furniture are made of pieces of real hardwood and nothing else. For large surfaces, strips,  or boards are bonded with stronger-than-wood glue and other wood joinery techniques.

Some alternatives are hardwood veneers--thin slices of wood bonded to composite boards or plywood. This type of construction is sometimes described as "all wood."

In addition, some furniture are made of artificial laminate, which are surfaced with plastic, foil or paper that are printed with photographs of wood grain patterns and bonded to composites such as particle board or medium density fiberboard. Remember the terms "walnut, oak, and mahogany finish" may simply refer to the color or the photographic reproduction of the wood's grain. This kind of furniture are definitely neither natural hardwood nor solid hardwood. 

 

我們使用100%桃花心木天然實木/

we use 100% Solid Mahogany

胡桃木紋夾板 / Walnut veneer

貼紙皮的密集板抽屜面板--側邊胡桃色紙皮破損 /the front board of drawer --MDF surfaced with Walnut color paper

硬木實木的好處

如果您想要的是一輩子的承諾,也許是二輩子、三輩子,那麼硬木實木家具,是您最佳的選擇。硬木實木家具在良好的維護下,可以歷經數代使用而仍繼續流傳。

有些家具剛開始表面上看起來像是硬木實木,但其對於日常使用可能引起的磨損、重壓、搬動、搖晃等的耐受度,遠不能與硬木實木家具相比。

硬木實木的家具是製造家具的理想用材,並可以抗衡次級家具大量製造、用過即丟的情形。每塊實木本身都具有不同的紋理,隨時間而展現獨特的風貌。因為它們的美不只是表面膚淺的表相之美,因此不會因為裝飾外層的剝落或損傷而容顏失色。硬木實木家具的刮傷或磨損,可以輕易的修復,且其價值是與日俱增的。

Advantage of Solid Hardwood

When you're choosing for a lifetime and maybe two or three, Solid hardwoods are the only choice to you because under your tenderly caring they can offer the potential for many generations of hard use.

What may look at first like solid hardwoods may be something else. It pays to ask questions and take a hard look at materials. Aside from aesthetic considerations, substitutes can't compare to solid hardwoods when it comes to holding nails and screws and withstanding the stresses, loads, shocks and abrasions of daily life.

Solid hardwoods which are the most ideal materials for building and furnishing, go against the grain of a mass-produced, throw-away age. Every hardwood board will predictably share the basic characteristics of its own species such as oak, mahogany, and walnut, but each board displays a face which is uniquely its very own, having been formed over the long lifetime of the individual tree from which it came. And their beauty is not just skin-deep. They can live with nicks and scratches, are easily repaired and refinished, and their value is lasting as the time goes by.

家具時期略說/Something about "Furniture"

In the 17th century came the Baroque period of full bloom. At the time, the importance of naturalism was specially stressed and classicism was modified and developed. The incorporation of the brilliance, passion and strength contained in Rubenesque and Benin styles in naturalism and modified classicism formed the feature of Baroque art.

Rococo art was prevailing in the time of Louis XV in France (1715~1774). The combination of soft lines stresses the feature of Rococo furniture. In the time of Louis XVI (1774~1794), the unearthed Pompeii resulted in the great application of roman artistic designs and patterns. At the time, fine straight lines became the main composition of the design. This was the initiation of new classicism.

十五、十六世紀義大利文藝復興 (Renaissance),家具以胡桃木 (Walnut) 製造為主,將羅馬帝國時期的藝術設計圖樣 (Roman design) 改良後,引入家具的雕飾中,法國則受到哥德 (Gothic) 時期的影響,家具多用菱形雕飾 (Diamond-point pattern) 及圓髻型的腳柱(bun feet)。

十七世紀是歐洲巴洛克藝術 (Baroque) 全盛時期,自然主義在巴洛克藝術中佔有重要的地位,但古典主藝也被修正而加以發展,這兩種風格配上魯本斯和貝里尼的華麗、感性和充滿刀遁的風格,遂構成巴洛克藝術的特徵 ,家具仍以胡桃木為主少量的橡木及其他木材雕線呈現柔美女性化的C或S形螺旋及大量的雕飾

十八世紀時家具洛可可藝術 (Rococo) 則流行於法國路易十五時代 (1715~1774),柔和的曲線組合正是洛可可的特徵 ,桃花心木成為主流家具呈曲弧狀及螺旋捲的腳柱 (cabriole leg with scroll feet),使用鍍金或金箔裝飾

十八世紀末法國路易十六時代(1774~1791)到十九世紀,由於龐貝(Pompeii)的發現與挖掘,羅馬藝術風格的設計與圖樣被大量採用,材質以桃花心木、緞木(Satinwood)、胡桃木等為主家具以細緻優雅的幾何設計 (geometrical designs) 構成,這時期則開啟了新古典主義。

十九世紀的畢德麥雅時期 (Biedermier) 發展於德國及奧地利以法國帝國時期(French Empire)為藍本製造中產階級需求的家具雕以天鵝 (swan)、豎琴 (Lyre)、牛頭弧形 (Ox-head)等設計歐洲的藝術家以洛可可風格為靈感將幾何、波浪線條、當地的花卉、昆蟲等都引用進家具造型與雕飾中以手工雕刻抗衡工業發展後以機械大量製造的產品此時則為新藝術時期(Art Nouveau)。

二十世紀受現代主義運動 (modern architectural movement) 影響思想和意識形態反向相對於新藝術時期的強調手工藝形成反對古典主義與自然型式的裝飾藝術時期 (Art Deco),強而有力的明快線條、鮮亮的色系、金屬、玻璃、合成樹脂等新材質的運用為此期特徵其後的現代 (Modern)、後現代 (Post Modern)、現代晚期 (Late modern)及當代 (Contemporary)等時期則強調機能特性與外觀造型的獨特性以新興的技術與材質引入設計師自身的新設計概念與審美觀來製造家具